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Positionality Informed Practices

Positionality Informed Practices

Adapted from Educating for a Change by Rick Arnold, Bev Burke, Carl James, D’Arcy Martin, and Barb Thomas (Toronto: Doris Marshall Institute for Education and Action and Between the Lines Press, 1991). Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Adapted from Educating for a Change by Rick Arnold, Bev Burke, Carl James, D’Arcy Martin, and Barb Thomas (Toronto: Doris Marshall Institute for Education and Action and Between the Lines Press, 1991). Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Project Overview

Project Overview

The Power Flower project began as an exploration of how our identities, histories, and lived experiences shape the way we interpret the world, what we prioritize, and what we unintentionally overlook. These forces do not just influence how we imagine futures; they shape how we move through everyday life, how we understand others, and how we make decisions in personal, professional, and communal contexts. While this work has been used extensively with designers, researchers, educators, and futurists, the Power Flower itself is not a discipline-specific tool—it is a method for anyone seeking to understand how identity and power shape perception, behaviour, and meaning-making.

The original Power Flower was introduced in Educating for Change (Arnold et al., 1991) by Canadian social movement educators as a visual and participatory way to help facilitators and learners “link the social identity of educators” with those of their students. It mapped identity categories as a series of petals, each divided into an inner and outer ring representing experiences of marginalization or dominance. This simple but powerful diagram made complex intersections of power both visible and discussable, helping people understand how their social positions shape their experiences in the world.

Our contemporary iteration of the Power Flower began as a collaborative academic project in 2023 within OCAD University’s Strategic Foresight & Innovation program, developed by a five-person team: Morgan Bath, Muskaan Chandwani, Danny Ghantous, Beyza Ozmen, and Nadia Tabassum. During this initial phase, the team introduced the third, context-dependent ring which expanded the original binary model to reflect identities that shift between advantage and disadvantage depending on environment, culture, or situation. This foundational adaptation significantly broadened the tool’s reflective capacity.

After this initial academic project concluded, Danny Ghantous and I continued developing the Power Flower beyond the classroom. Through ongoing workshops, practitioner dialogues, and iterative refinement, we expanded the tool’s identity petals, clarified category definitions, and articulated the three levels of reflection, personal, collective, and social as distinct scales through which the tool could operate. These developments emerged from real-world facilitation and participant feedback, grounding the Power Flower in a flexible, “break-the-tool” ethos that encourages users to adapt it to their own contexts, communities, and needs.

At its core, the Power Flower offers a visual, accessible, and conversational way to explore positionality. It invites us to reflect on our biases, with the understanding that holding bias is not a flaw, it is a function of human cognition and asks us to think about:

Where might I hold power?
Where might I carry blind spots?
How might these positions shape the knowledge I produce, the relationships I form, or the decisions I make?

The Power Flower encourages this kind of reflexivity as a practice of care and accountability. It offers a shared vocabulary for navigating difference, enabling people to move beyond the myth of objectivity toward a more honest, relational understanding of how identity shapes perspective. Whether used as a private journaling tool, a group reflection exercise, or a collective mapping activity, the Power Flower becomes a catalyst for more ethical, inclusive, and self-aware practice.

What began as an academic experiment has since evolved into a multi-year, multi-format exploration. Across each iteration, the Power Flower has remained grounded in a simple premise: that if we can begin to understand how we move through the world, we can be more empathetic towards others, make more thoughtful decisions, and expand the possibilities of what we imagine and create together.

The Power Flower project began as an exploration of how our identities, histories, and lived experiences shape the way we interpret the world, what we prioritize, and what we unintentionally overlook. These forces do not just influence how we imagine futures; they shape how we move through everyday life, how we understand others, and how we make decisions in personal, professional, and communal contexts. While this work has been used extensively with designers, researchers, educators, and futurists, the Power Flower itself is not a discipline-specific tool—it is a method for anyone seeking to understand how identity and power shape perception, behaviour, and meaning-making.

The original Power Flower was introduced in Educating for Change (Arnold et al., 1991) by Canadian social movement educators as a visual and participatory way to help facilitators and learners “link the social identity of educators” with those of their students. It mapped identity categories as a series of petals, each divided into an inner and outer ring representing experiences of marginalization or dominance. This simple but powerful diagram made complex intersections of power both visible and discussable, helping people understand how their social positions shape their experiences in the world.

Our contemporary iteration of the Power Flower began as a collaborative academic project in 2023 within OCAD University’s Strategic Foresight & Innovation program, developed by a five-person team: Morgan Bath, Muskaan Chandwani, Danny Ghantous, Beyza Ozmen, and Nadia Tabassum. During this initial phase, the team introduced the third, context-dependent ring which expanded the original binary model to reflect identities that shift between advantage and disadvantage depending on environment, culture, or situation. This foundational adaptation significantly broadened the tool’s reflective capacity.

After this initial academic project concluded, Danny Ghantous and I continued developing the Power Flower beyond the classroom. Through ongoing workshops, practitioner dialogues, and iterative refinement, we expanded the tool’s identity petals, clarified category definitions, and articulated the three levels of reflection, personal, collective, and social as distinct scales through which the tool could operate. These developments emerged from real-world facilitation and participant feedback, grounding the Power Flower in a flexible, “break-the-tool” ethos that encourages users to adapt it to their own contexts, communities, and needs.

At its core, the Power Flower offers a visual, accessible, and conversational way to explore positionality. It invites us to reflect on our biases, with the understanding that holding bias is not a flaw, it is a function of human cognition and asks us to think about:

Where might I hold power?
Where might I carry blind spots?
How might these positions shape the knowledge I produce, the relationships I form, or the decisions I make?

The Power Flower encourages this kind of reflexivity as a practice of care and accountability. It offers a shared vocabulary for navigating difference, enabling people to move beyond the myth of objectivity toward a more honest, relational understanding of how identity shapes perspective. Whether used as a private journaling tool, a group reflection exercise, or a collective mapping activity, the Power Flower becomes a catalyst for more ethical, inclusive, and self-aware practice.

What began as an academic experiment has since evolved into a multi-year, multi-format exploration. Across each iteration, the Power Flower has remained grounded in a simple premise: that if we can begin to understand how we move through the world, we can be more empathetic towards others, make more thoughtful decisions, and expand the possibilities of what we imagine and create together.

The Power Flower project began as an exploration of how our identities, histories, and lived experiences shape the way we interpret the world, what we prioritize, and what we unintentionally overlook. These forces do not just influence how we imagine futures; they shape how we move through everyday life, how we understand others, and how we make decisions in personal, professional, and communal contexts. While this work has been used extensively with designers, researchers, educators, and futurists, the Power Flower itself is not a discipline-specific tool—it is a method for anyone seeking to understand how identity and power shape perception, behaviour, and meaning-making.

The original Power Flower was introduced in Educating for Change (Arnold et al., 1991) by Canadian social movement educators as a visual and participatory way to help facilitators and learners “link the social identity of educators” with those of their students. It mapped identity categories as a series of petals, each divided into an inner and outer ring representing experiences of marginalization or dominance. This simple but powerful diagram made complex intersections of power both visible and discussable, helping people understand how their social positions shape their experiences in the world.

Our contemporary iteration of the Power Flower began as a collaborative academic project in 2023 within OCAD University’s Strategic Foresight & Innovation program, developed by a five-person team: Morgan Bath, Muskaan Chandwani, Danny Ghantous, Beyza Ozmen, and Nadia Tabassum. During this initial phase, the team introduced the third, context-dependent ring which expanded the original binary model to reflect identities that shift between advantage and disadvantage depending on environment, culture, or situation. This foundational adaptation significantly broadened the tool’s reflective capacity.

After this initial academic project concluded, Danny Ghantous and I continued developing the Power Flower beyond the classroom. Through ongoing workshops, practitioner dialogues, and iterative refinement, we expanded the tool’s identity petals, clarified category definitions, and articulated the three levels of reflection, personal, collective, and social as distinct scales through which the tool could operate. These developments emerged from real-world facilitation and participant feedback, grounding the Power Flower in a flexible, “break-the-tool” ethos that encourages users to adapt it to their own contexts, communities, and needs.

At its core, the Power Flower offers a visual, accessible, and conversational way to explore positionality. It invites us to reflect on our biases, with the understanding that holding bias is not a flaw, it is a function of human cognition and asks us to think about:

Where might I hold power?
Where might I carry blind spots?
How might these positions shape the knowledge I produce, the relationships I form, or the decisions I make?

The Power Flower encourages this kind of reflexivity as a practice of care and accountability. It offers a shared vocabulary for navigating difference, enabling people to move beyond the myth of objectivity toward a more honest, relational understanding of how identity shapes perspective. Whether used as a private journaling tool, a group reflection exercise, or a collective mapping activity, the Power Flower becomes a catalyst for more ethical, inclusive, and self-aware practice.

What began as an academic experiment has since evolved into a multi-year, multi-format exploration. Across each iteration, the Power Flower has remained grounded in a simple premise: that if we can begin to understand how we move through the world, we can be more empathetic towards others, make more thoughtful decisions, and expand the possibilities of what we imagine and create together.

My Role

My Role

This project has been co-developed with Danny Ghantous, with the earliest foundation emerging from a five-person SFI academic team. Over time, my role has evolved.

Academic foundation

  • Served as synthesizer within the original team

  • Bridged conceptual frameworks, team perspectives, and workshop structure

  • Led development of the initial workshop and facilitation materials

Design & development

  • Designed and co-authored the workbook

  • Redesigned the Power Flower model, identity categories, and visual frameworks

  • Created the three-ring and three-context expansion

  • Led the iteration and refinement of the tool across multiple contexts

Facilitation & Implementation

  • Co-facilitated all major workshops with Danny

  • Took lead on guiding participants through the reflective exercises

  • Managed instruction, discussion scaffolding, and group sharing

Iteration Development

  • Co-led the transition from workshop → installation format for the APF Conference

  • Led all design for the four-poster system, collective visualization, and updated petals

This project continues to evolve under our joint stewardship, with me leading design, facilitation strategy, and implementation.

This project has been co-developed with Danny Ghantous, with the earliest foundation emerging from a five-person SFI academic team. Over time, my role has evolved.

Academic foundation

  • Served as synthesizer within the original team

  • Bridged conceptual frameworks, team perspectives, and workshop structure

  • Led development of the initial workshop and facilitation materials

Design & development

  • Designed and co-authored the workbook

  • Redesigned the Power Flower model, identity categories, and visual frameworks

  • Created the three-ring and three-context expansion

  • Led the iteration and refinement of the tool across multiple contexts

Facilitation & Implementation

  • Co-facilitated all major workshops with Danny

  • Took lead on guiding participants through the reflective exercises

  • Managed instruction, discussion scaffolding, and group sharing

Iteration Development

  • Co-led the transition from workshop → installation format for the APF Conference

  • Led all design for the four-poster system, collective visualization, and updated petals

This project continues to evolve under our joint stewardship, with me leading design, facilitation strategy, and implementation.

This project has been co-developed with Danny Ghantous, with the earliest foundation emerging from a five-person SFI academic team. Over time, my role has evolved.

Academic foundation

  • Served as synthesizer within the original team

  • Bridged conceptual frameworks, team perspectives, and workshop structure

  • Led development of the initial workshop and facilitation materials

Design & development

  • Designed and co-authored the workbook

  • Redesigned the Power Flower model, identity categories, and visual frameworks

  • Created the three-ring and three-context expansion

  • Led the iteration and refinement of the tool across multiple contexts

Facilitation & Implementation

  • Co-facilitated all major workshops with Danny

  • Took lead on guiding participants through the reflective exercises

  • Managed instruction, discussion scaffolding, and group sharing

Iteration Development

  • Co-led the transition from workshop → installation format for the APF Conference

  • Led all design for the four-poster system, collective visualization, and updated petals

This project continues to evolve under our joint stewardship, with me leading design, facilitation strategy, and implementation.

Timeline & Interactions

Timeline & Interactions

2023: Initial Academic Adaptation (OCAD University)

2023: Initial Academic Adaptation (OCAD University)

Team

Team

Morgan Bath
Muskaan Chandwani
Danny Ghantous
Beyza Ozmen
Nadia Tabassum

Morgan Bath
Muskaan Chandwani
Danny Ghantous
Beyza Ozmen
Nadia Tabassum

Morgan Bath
Muskaan Chandwani
Danny Ghantous
Beyza Ozmen
Nadia Tabassum

Our first iteration of the Power Flower grew out of a graduate studio project focused on positionality in research and design. This was where the tool first revealed its potential. We began by introducing participants to the model and inviting them to complete their own Power Flower on transparent acetate sheets. In small groups of five, participants layered their individual acetates on top of one another, creating a collective visual of where identities overlapped and diverged.

Our first iteration of the Power Flower grew out of a graduate studio project focused on positionality in research and design. This was where the tool first revealed its potential. We began by introducing participants to the model and inviting them to complete their own Power Flower on transparent acetate sheets. In small groups of five, participants layered their individual acetates on top of one another, creating a collective visual of where identities overlapped and diverged.

Our first iteration of the Power Flower grew out of a graduate studio project focused on positionality in research and design. This was where the tool first revealed its potential. We began by introducing participants to the model and inviting them to complete their own Power Flower on transparent acetate sheets. In small groups of five, participants layered their individual acetates on top of one another, creating a collective visual of where identities overlapped and diverged.

This simple act of layering became transformative. Participants—who already knew each other through the program—suddenly had a visual, tangible representation of where their group collectively held advantage, where blind spots existed, and where lived experiences differed in ways that shaped their shared work. Conversations opened with surprising ease. People were excited, moved, and curious.

What we learned

  • Visualizing collective identity is powerful—especially when trust already exists.

  • The tool naturally prompts empathetic, reflective conversation without forcing vulnerability.

  • The third, context-dependent ring we introduced was essential for capturing the fluidity of modern identities.

  • This iteration showed us that the Power Flower wasn’t just useful—it had real social and relational impact.

This simple act of layering became transformative. Participants—who already knew each other through the program—suddenly had a visual, tangible representation of where their group collectively held advantage, where blind spots existed, and where lived experiences differed in ways that shaped their shared work. Conversations opened with surprising ease. People were excited, moved, and curious.

What we learned

  • Visualizing collective identity is powerful—especially when trust already exists.

  • The tool naturally prompts empathetic, reflective conversation without forcing vulnerability.

  • The third, context-dependent ring we introduced was essential for capturing the fluidity of modern identities.

  • This iteration showed us that the Power Flower wasn’t just useful—it had real social and relational impact.

This simple act of layering became transformative. Participants—who already knew each other through the program—suddenly had a visual, tangible representation of where their group collectively held advantage, where blind spots existed, and where lived experiences differed in ways that shaped their shared work. Conversations opened with surprising ease. People were excited, moved, and curious.

What we learned

  • Visualizing collective identity is powerful—especially when trust already exists.

  • The tool naturally prompts empathetic, reflective conversation without forcing vulnerability.

  • The third, context-dependent ring we introduced was essential for capturing the fluidity of modern identities.

  • This iteration showed us that the Power Flower wasn’t just useful—it had real social and relational impact.

2024: Anticipation Conference, Lancaster (First “Real World” Stress Test)

2024: Anticipation Conference, Lancaster (First “Real World” Stress Test)

Team

Team

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

The Anticipation Conference marked the first time the Power Flower was used outside the classroom. The participants were international, multidisciplinary, and unfamiliar with both the tool and, in some cases, the concepts of positionality and intersectionality. Before this event, Danny and I hosted three local workshops in Toronto, which became invaluable testing grounds. They taught us how to introduce the tool to people encountering it for the first time and how to create a safe, accessible entry point into potentially sensitive reflection.

The Anticipation Conference marked the first time the Power Flower was used outside the classroom. The participants were international, multidisciplinary, and unfamiliar with both the tool and, in some cases, the concepts of positionality and intersectionality. Before this event, Danny and I hosted three local workshops in Toronto, which became invaluable testing grounds. They taught us how to introduce the tool to people encountering it for the first time and how to create a safe, accessible entry point into potentially sensitive reflection.

The Anticipation Conference marked the first time the Power Flower was used outside the classroom. The participants were international, multidisciplinary, and unfamiliar with both the tool and, in some cases, the concepts of positionality and intersectionality. Before this event, Danny and I hosted three local workshops in Toronto, which became invaluable testing grounds. They taught us how to introduce the tool to people encountering it for the first time and how to create a safe, accessible entry point into potentially sensitive reflection.

At Anticipation, we facilitated the full workshop and quickly realized the breadth of the tool’s applicability. Some participants later incorporated it into academic research; others adapted it for teaching or professional contexts.

What we learned

  • The tool resonates across cultural and disciplinary backgrounds.

  • Effective facilitation begins with helping people understand why positionality matters before introducing the tool itself.

  • This was our first true “stress test,” and it demonstrated that the Power Flower had the potential to travel far beyond its original scope.

  • This iteration also deepened our understanding of how to scaffold the experience so that people feel supported while reflecting.

At Anticipation, we facilitated the full workshop and quickly realized the breadth of the tool’s applicability. Some participants later incorporated it into academic research; others adapted it for teaching or professional contexts.

What we learned

  • The tool resonates across cultural and disciplinary backgrounds.

  • Effective facilitation begins with helping people understand why positionality matters before introducing the tool itself.

  • This was our first true “stress test,” and it demonstrated that the Power Flower had the potential to travel far beyond its original scope.

  • This iteration also deepened our understanding of how to scaffold the experience so that people feel supported while reflecting.

At Anticipation, we facilitated the full workshop and quickly realized the breadth of the tool’s applicability. Some participants later incorporated it into academic research; others adapted it for teaching or professional contexts.

What we learned

  • The tool resonates across cultural and disciplinary backgrounds.

  • Effective facilitation begins with helping people understand why positionality matters before introducing the tool itself.

  • This was our first true “stress test,” and it demonstrated that the Power Flower had the potential to travel far beyond its original scope.

  • This iteration also deepened our understanding of how to scaffold the experience so that people feel supported while reflecting.

2025: SDN Next Generation Conference (Online Delivery)

2025: SDN Next Generation Conference (Online Delivery)

Team

Team

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

This iteration gave us our first opportunity to deliver the Power Flower entirely online. Participants completed the tool digitally and anonymously, which created an unexpected but meaningful dynamic: without the social pressure of being physically in a room together, people often filled out their flowers with greater honesty and vulnerability.

This iteration gave us our first opportunity to deliver the Power Flower entirely online. Participants completed the tool digitally and anonymously, which created an unexpected but meaningful dynamic: without the social pressure of being physically in a room together, people often filled out their flowers with greater honesty and vulnerability.

This iteration gave us our first opportunity to deliver the Power Flower entirely online. Participants completed the tool digitally and anonymously, which created an unexpected but meaningful dynamic: without the social pressure of being physically in a room together, people often filled out their flowers with greater honesty and vulnerability.

Instead of breakout groups, everyone stayed in one shared virtual space. After completing their flowers, we facilitated a collective conversation that quickly became the centerpiece of the session.

Instead of breakout groups, everyone stayed in one shared virtual space. After completing their flowers, we facilitated a collective conversation that quickly became the centerpiece of the session.

Instead of breakout groups, everyone stayed in one shared virtual space. After completing their flowers, we facilitated a collective conversation that quickly became the centerpiece of the session.

What we learned

  • Online delivery can create new forms of safety for reflection.

  • Anonymity leads to more candid self-assessment.

  • Even without small groups, the tool still fosters connection and shared insight.

  • The facilitated conversation is often the most generative part of the experience—people consistently want more time to discuss what emerges.

  • This confirmed that the Power Flower is modality-flexible and that conversation, not just the diagram, is the heart of the work.

What we learned

  • Online delivery can create new forms of safety for reflection.

  • Anonymity leads to more candid self-assessment.

  • Even without small groups, the tool still fosters connection and shared insight.

  • The facilitated conversation is often the most generative part of the experience—people consistently want more time to discuss what emerges.

  • This confirmed that the Power Flower is modality-flexible and that conversation, not just the diagram, is the heart of the work.

What we learned

  • Online delivery can create new forms of safety for reflection.

  • Anonymity leads to more candid self-assessment.

  • Even without small groups, the tool still fosters connection and shared insight.

  • The facilitated conversation is often the most generative part of the experience—people consistently want more time to discuss what emerges.

  • This confirmed that the Power Flower is modality-flexible and that conversation, not just the diagram, is the heart of the work.

August 2025: APF Conference: Future of Creativity & Compassion (Participatory Installation)

August 2025: APF Conference: Future of Creativity & Compassion (Participatory Installation)

Team

Team

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

Morgan Bath
Danny Ghantous

This iteration marked the biggest shift in how the Power Flower was shared. Instead of facilitating a workshop, we created an interactive, multi-poster installation that introduced the tool, its history, its evolution, and instructions for completing it. This was also the stage where, based on two years of workshop feedback, Danny and I added two new identity petals and refined several category definitions to better reflect users’ experiences.

This iteration marked the biggest shift in how the Power Flower was shared. Instead of facilitating a workshop, we created an interactive, multi-poster installation that introduced the tool, its history, its evolution, and instructions for completing it. This was also the stage where, based on two years of workshop feedback, Danny and I added two new identity petals and refined several category definitions to better reflect users’ experiences.

This iteration marked the biggest shift in how the Power Flower was shared. Instead of facilitating a workshop, we created an interactive, multi-poster installation that introduced the tool, its history, its evolution, and instructions for completing it. This was also the stage where, based on two years of workshop feedback, Danny and I added two new identity petals and refined several category definitions to better reflect users’ experiences.

For the first time, we stepped back and allowed the tool to work without direct facilitation. Participants accessed the digital flower on their phones and completed it independently. As people understood it, they became champions—walking others over, explaining the tool, and encouraging participation. The installation grew through word of mouth.

We updated a collective power flower throughout the three-day conference using anonymous submissions, then added prompts responding to visible clusters or gaps in the collective data.

For the first time, we stepped back and allowed the tool to work without direct facilitation. Participants accessed the digital flower on their phones and completed it independently. As people understood it, they became champions—walking others over, explaining the tool, and encouraging participation. The installation grew through word of mouth.

We updated a collective power flower throughout the three-day conference using anonymous submissions, then added prompts responding to visible clusters or gaps in the collective data.

For the first time, we stepped back and allowed the tool to work without direct facilitation. Participants accessed the digital flower on their phones and completed it independently. As people understood it, they became champions—walking others over, explaining the tool, and encouraging participation. The installation grew through word of mouth.

We updated a collective power flower throughout the three-day conference using anonymous submissions, then added prompts responding to visible clusters or gaps in the collective data.

What we learned

  • The tool needs better accessibility when facilitators aren’t present⁠; future iterations will include audio and video guidance.

  • People are naturally curious about the tool, and once they understand it, they want others to experience it too.

  • Both analog and digital formats are needed to reduce barriers to entry.

  • Collective mapping of positionality can spark conversations that ripple well beyond the original activity.

  • This iteration expanded our imagination of what the tool could become something ongoing, collective, and potentially automated in future iterations.

What we learned

  • The tool needs better accessibility when facilitators aren’t present⁠; future iterations will include audio and video guidance.

  • People are naturally curious about the tool, and once they understand it, they want others to experience it too.

  • Both analog and digital formats are needed to reduce barriers to entry.

  • Collective mapping of positionality can spark conversations that ripple well beyond the original activity.

  • This iteration expanded our imagination of what the tool could become something ongoing, collective, and potentially automated in future iterations.

What we learned

  • The tool needs better accessibility when facilitators aren’t present⁠; future iterations will include audio and video guidance.

  • People are naturally curious about the tool, and once they understand it, they want others to experience it too.

  • Both analog and digital formats are needed to reduce barriers to entry.

  • Collective mapping of positionality can spark conversations that ripple well beyond the original activity.

  • This iteration expanded our imagination of what the tool could become something ongoing, collective, and potentially automated in future iterations.

References

References

Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989(1).

Korteling, J. E., Brouwer, A.-M., & Toet, A. (2018). A neural network framework for cognitive bias. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01561

Olmos-Vega, F. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., Varpio, L., & Kahlke, R. (2022). A practical guide to reflexivity in Qualitative Research: Amee guide no. 149. Medical Teacher, 45(3), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2022.2057287

Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989(1).

Korteling, J. E., Brouwer, A.-M., & Toet, A. (2018). A neural network framework for cognitive bias. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01561

Olmos-Vega, F. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., Varpio, L., & Kahlke, R. (2022). A practical guide to reflexivity in Qualitative Research: Amee guide no. 149. Medical Teacher, 45(3), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2022.2057287

Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989(1).

Korteling, J. E., Brouwer, A.-M., & Toet, A. (2018). A neural network framework for cognitive bias. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01561

Olmos-Vega, F. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., Varpio, L., & Kahlke, R. (2022). A practical guide to reflexivity in Qualitative Research: Amee guide no. 149. Medical Teacher, 45(3), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2022.2057287